BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF A MIXTURE OF SOME PLANT AQUEOUS EXTRACTS ON LIVER AND KIDNEY FUNCTION BIOMARKERS IN MALE ALBINO RATS

This study evaluated the effects of aqueous extracts from Apium graveolens, Petroselinum crispum, Mentha spicata, and Ocimum basilicum on liver and kidney functions in male albino rats. Using two experimental models (78 rats), Model 1 tested individual concentrations (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg), while Model 2 focused on synergistic combinations. Key parameters included AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, albumin, creatinine, BUN, and electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl-).
Results indicated that Mentha spicata and Ocimum basilicum at 100 mg/kg were the most effective, significantly reducing liver enzymes and kidney biomarkers within healthy physiological ranges. Specifically, the combination of these two plants showed the most potent synergistic effect in optimizing biochemical profiles. Conversely, A. graveolens and P. crispum exhibited inconsistent results, sometimes causing fluctuations outside normal ranges, likely due to chemical interactions or dosage levels. The study concludes that the combination of M. spicata and O. basilicum (100 mg/kg) serves as a superior hepatoprotective and nephroprotective formula compared to the other tested extracts.